{"id":17035,"date":"2025-10-04T08:30:56","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T05:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.sh.com.tr\/?p=17035"},"modified":"2025-07-08T11:20:56","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T08:20:56","slug":"vds-sunucuda-firewall-nasil-yapilandirilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sh.com.tr\/blog\/vds-sunucuda-firewall-nasil-yapilandirilir\/","title":{"rendered":"VDS Sunucuda Firewall Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

VDS sunucu<\/strong><\/a>, yani sanal \u00f6zel sunucu, size y\u00fcksek performans ve esneklik sunarken ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00fcvenli\u011finizi de sizin y\u00f6netmenizi gerektirir. \u00d6zellikle d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelebilecek sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 firewall yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong>, bu sunucunun en kritik savunma hatt\u0131d\u0131r. Peki, VDS sunucuda firewall nas\u0131l kurulur<\/strong>, hangi kurallar belirlenmelidir ve nelere dikkat edilmelidir?<\/p>\n

Firewall Nedir ve Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Firewall<\/strong>, a\u011f trafi\u011fini izleyen, filtreleyen ve belirli kurallara g\u00f6re izin verip engelleyen bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131d\u0131r. VDS sunucularda firewall kullanmak<\/strong>, hem d\u0131\u015f tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flar hem de istemedi\u011finiz trafi\u011fin sisteminize eri\u015fmesini engeller.<\/p>\n

VDS Sunucuda Firewall Kurulumu Nereden Ba\u015flanmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0130lk ad\u0131m, hangi i\u015fletim sistemini kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Linux tabanl\u0131 VDS sunucular<\/strong> i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n ara\u00e7lar iptables , ufw (Uncomplicated Firewall) ve firewalld\u00a0gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerdir. Windows tabanl\u0131 VDS sunucular<\/strong> i\u00e7in ise yerle\u015fik Windows Defender Firewall arac\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Linux VDS Sunucuda Firewall Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\ud83d\udd27 1. ufw\u00a0Kullanarak Temel Ayarlar<\/h4>\n

Ubuntu gibi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlarda \u00f6nerilen ara\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n
bash<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
sudo apt install ufw
\nsudo ufw default deny incoming
\nsudo ufw default allow outgoing
\nsudo ufw allow 22\/tcp # SSH ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in<\/span>
\nsudo ufw allow 80\/tcp # HTTP trafi\u011fi<\/span>
\nsudo ufw allow 443\/tcp # HTTPS trafi\u011fi<\/span>
\nsudo ufw enable<\/span>
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Bu komutlarla, yaln\u0131zca belirli portlara izin verirken di\u011fer t\u00fcm d\u0131\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131lar engellenir. B\u00f6ylece VDS sunucunuzda temel g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131<\/strong> aktif hale gelir.<\/p>\n

\ud83d\udd10 2. iptables\u00a0ile Geli\u015fmi\u015f Kurallar<\/h4>\n

Daha fazla kontrol isteyen kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n

\n
bash<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
iptables -P INPUT DROP
\niptables -P FORWARD DROP
\niptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Bu ayarlar, ba\u011flant\u0131 kuran istemcilerin yaln\u0131zca belirli hizmetlere ula\u015fmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Windows VDS Sunucuda Firewall Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Windows sunucularda firewall yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong>, GUI (grafik aray\u00fcz) \u00fczerinden veya netsh ve PowerShell\u00a0komutlar\u0131yla yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\u2699\ufe0f Ad\u0131mlar:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u2192Control Panel > System and Security > Windows Defender Firewall<\/strong> k\u0131sm\u0131na gidin.<\/p>\n

\u2192Sol men\u00fcden Advanced Settings<\/strong> se\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

\u2192Gerekli kurallar\u0131 Inbound Rules<\/strong> k\u0131sm\u0131ndan ekleyin (\u00f6rne\u011fin port 3389 i\u00e7in RDP eri\u015fimi).<\/p>\n

\u2192Gereksiz servislerin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131k olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/p>\n

Hangi Portlara \u0130zin Verilmeli?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Temel bir VDS firewall yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131nda<\/strong> genellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki portlara izin verilir:<\/p>\n